What is the role of interpreter services in informed consent?

• A. Ensure accurate understanding for patients with limited English proficiency; document use of interpreters and confirm consent; avoid ad-hoc translation
• B. Interpreters can make medical decisions for the patient
• C. Interpreter use replaces the need for patient consent
• D. Interpreters should translate only after consent has been given

Answer: (A)

Interpreters are essential to informed consent when a patient has limited English proficiency because they ensure the patient truly understands what is being offered. The interpreter accurately translates all information about the procedure, including risks, benefits, alternatives, and the option to refuse, in a way the patient can comprehend. This helps the patient make a voluntary, informed choice rather than agreeing because they feel pressured or misunderstood.

Documentation is a key part of this process: note that an interpreter was used, who the interpreter is, and that consent was obtained after the patient understood the information. Relying on ad-hoc translators, such as family members, can lead to incomplete or biased translations, misinterpretation of risks, omitted questions, and potential coercion, which undermines the validity of the consent and may create legal and ethical problems.

Interpreters should not provide medical advice or make decisions for the patient. Their role is to translate faithfully so the patient can participate in the decision. In short, interpreter services support accurate understanding, voluntary consent, and proper documentation, safeguarding patient rights and clinical and legal standards.